Stringers
Mobile App · Android · written 11-6
WantHair - AI Hairstyle Try-On(원헤어) · 원헤어

A ₩29,000 "hairstyle consultation report": a one-person Korean app that started charging before reaching a thousand installs

What it is You upload a front photo and a side photo. AI tells you your face shape, which hairstyles suit you best, and which to avoid, all rendered on your own face. Sold per report.

Why it works It isn't a viral hit. It takes the in-person "hairstyle/face shape consultation" Koreans already pay ₩7–130k for, turns it into a phone report at a third of the price, and collects leads through Instagram with "list price 29,000 → booking 9,900". People paid in the first week.

BHow you could follow it Don't go head-to-head with SNOW × 차홍 in Korea. Move to a market like Japan that already pays for "骨格診断 / ヘアカウンセリング" (bone-structure diagnosis / hair counseling). Copy the playbook: booking price to collect leads, photo quality checks, report sold per piece, plus coupons through local hair salons.

B grade: the positioning is clear, almost nobody knows it, and the technical bar is low, so the market-switch path is clear. But its own revenue is small and unverified, and the underlying image API is one anyone can plug into. Big platforms and free AI models could turn this into a free button at any time. Few people know about it yet
Data (updated daily) · first launch 2026-10-11 · 11-07 installs 924
Android · Total installs worldwide
4006008001k10-3111-0211-0411-0511-07924
Data 2026-10-31 → 2026-11-07 (8 days, 8 observations). Google's detail page only refreshes install counts every other day, so a flat day doesn't mean nobody installed.

In October 20, a Korean user left WantHair a five-star review on the App Store: "Used it once before an interview, found a hairstyle that suits me, and only then went to the salon." The app changes your hairstyle, but what it really sells is a report: you upload a front photo and a side photo, and it tells you your face shape, which hairstyles suit you best, and which ones you should never cut, all rendered on your own face, priced ₩9,900 to ₩59,000. It's made by one person, and by Nov 6 it had only 924 installs on Google Play. It hasn't blown up, but it found something many hairstyle apps missed: Koreans are already willing to pay for "hairstyle consultation." Below: what it sells, how it charges, how small the volume is, and whether you can do it in another market.

First, how small it is

On Google Play, it launched in October 11. By Nov 6 it had 924 installs total, 7 new installs in the last 368 days, and it has charted only in the Korean store. In the Korea Beauty Top Free chart it climbed from #25 on 10-31 to #4 on 11-06, sitting alongside Gangnam Unni and Hwahae, which have millions of installs each. That chart measures recent velocity, though: a hundred installs a day is enough to break into the top five.

On 11-06 it was still at #1 on the Korea Beauty Top Grossing chart. Don't read too much into that: the whole chart had only this one app that day, and before that it had been empty every day. In small countries and small categories, the top-grossing chart often returns only a row or two. Ranking #1 only means someone paid that day.

Date (Google Play)Total installsAdded that dayKorea Beauty Top Free chart
10-31556–25
11-02736+15612
11-04824+889
11-05924+1007
11-0692404

The real home turf is iOS. The iOS version went live in July 29, two and a half months before Android. Developer listed as JEONG JOON. It has never entered the overall free chart, but it has charted in Korea's Lifestyle Top Grossing: #139 on 10-28, #58 on 10-31, #50 on 11-05, #66 on 11-06. Ratings went from 4 at the end of October to 11 by Nov 6, all five stars. Based on the rating growth, iOS downloads are only a few hundred. Ranking #50–#80 on Korea's Lifestyle Top Grossing roughly corresponds to a few hundred thousand won a day in revenue (estimate, unverified). That's enough for a side project run by one person, and far from a hit.

So it's worth watching not for the volume, but because with so few installs, it stays steadily on the top-grossing chart. That means each person who comes in pays a fair amount.

What it actually sells

Opening it shows two features.

One is "Hair Simulation": pick a style from the catalog or your photo album, take a front photo, and the AI swaps the hair onto your face. Drag the slider to compare before and after. This uses "가위" (scissors) credits: a few free to start, then buy more: 50 for ₩2,000,100, ₩3,500,200, ₩5,500.

The other, and the main revenue source, is the "Hair Consulting Report." After payment you take a front photo and a side photo. It determines which of six face shapes you have, gives your "3 best-matching combinations," explains how to style the fringe, side hair, and crown, and lists "styles to avoid." Every point is rendered on your own face. The in-app purchases listed on the Korean App Store page include several tiers: ₩9,900, ₩19,000, ₩24,000, ₩29,000, ₩59,000 (the store page doesn't say which tier gets which content).

A review from Nov 1 captured what users care about most: "Other apps retouch your whole face, which looks very AI. This one only changes the hair, and it's still my face."

The underlying approach is no secret. The store description says so directly: photos are "sent to the OpenAI API" for AI rendering. The effort goes into the photo step: real-time prompts for face position, angle, lighting, whether eyebrows and ears are covered, and an automatic capture when you turn to the side. The October 28 version added "ten conditions checked item by item against example photos." Reports come back within 24 hours, with a manual review in between. If a photo fails, you're told why and asked to retake it, with no charge. All of this guards against one thing: a bad generation that makes the user feel they wasted money. Keeping all 11 ratings at five stars is probably how they held that line.

Why so few people installing can still bring in money

Because Koreans are already paying for this. "Face shape diagnosis" and "personal hair consulting" are an established offline business in Korea. A session at a studio costs ₩70k to ₩135k, and online AI image consultations run around ₩99k (prices from Naver blogs and studio posts). WantHair set its price at ₩29,000, with the booking price at ₩9,900. To the user, this doesn't feel like "paying for a filter." It feels like a consultation at two-thirds off.

This is also its biggest difference from the many AI hairstyle apps out there. Those sell fun, on weekly subscriptions, and buy installs to grow. This sells a conclusion, anchored to offline prices.

Where users come from

Nearly all of its audience was built by itself on Instagram.

In Sep 11, the official account @wanthair_official posted a Reels whose cover read: "Personal Hair Report, planned price 29,000 won → pre-booking special price 9,900 won", with the caption "Don't find your life hairstyle by feeling, find it with data." The same day the app was updated with a booking entry on the homepage. Another post used the comment-to-get-the-link format: "Comment and I'll DM you the link." By Oct 10 the report feature officially launched. People who had booked enter a coupon code in the app to unlock it at the booking price. Free report coupons were also handed out.

This pre-collected group was its first wave of paying users after launch, and it's the most likely reason it jumped from #139 to #58 on the iOS Top Grossing chart between 10-28 and 10-31 (inference).

Other channels are weak:

  • A hair stylist reposted it, unverified. A stylist in Gangnam posted a "퍼스널 헤어 진단 이벤트" (personal hair diagnosis event) on Oct 29. The search snippet wording matches its booking copy, but the full post isn't visible, so it's unclear whether this was a partnership or just a repost.
  • Ads, none found. The Meta Ad Library shows no ads for it. Its post engagement is very low (that Oct 27 post had 8 likes and 0 comments), which looks more like organic posting than paid distribution.
  • Store search, a little. The title stuffs in search terms directly: "원헤어 - 헤어 컨설팅, 원하는 헤어스타일 시뮬레이션".
  • TikTok, X, media: nothing. Searching "원헤어" only returns one hair salon with the same name.

Who it's competing with

CompetitorsWhat it isHow it differs
SNOW × 차홍 AI 헤어컨설팅In-app feature in SNOW, endorsed by celebrity stylist 차홍Almost the same thing, about ₩14,900 per session, with big-platform traffic and a celebrity. This is WantHair's most direct threat in Korea.
Mameu Doctor (Kakao-affiliated)A 2017-year-old salon booking platform with AI simulation, 3.38M installs on PlayCloses the transaction loop; doesn't sell reports
Hairstyle AR try-on AI and similarLocal Korean hairstyle/hair color tools, 360k installsSubscription tools, no face shape report
Lary, Sherlock Beauty and similarWeb-based AI image consultation, about ₩99,000 per sessionAn order of magnitude more expensive
FaceLab, Sorapix, Beautix, HairGenie, Tressy and similarGlobal English hairstyle apps, each from hundreds of thousands to tens of millions of installs, many launched this yearSubscription model, paid acquisition, sells entertainment, not conclusions
ChatGPT / GeminiUpload your own photo and write promptsFree; Instagram already has people teaching "find your life hairstyle with Gemini for 0 yuan"

Changing your hairstyle is one of the most crowded categories on Google Play in 2026, with five-plus new apps this year that hit the million-install mark. 원헤어 didn't squeeze into that race, it sidestepped it: it doesn't compete on installs, it competes on price per user. But its moat is shallow. The engine underneath is an image API anyone can plug into, and SNOW is already doing the same thing with celebrities.

If it were you

One-line verdict: This is a small sample of "repackaging a paid filter as a cheap professional service." Don't try it in Korea's home market. The smart move is to switch to a market that also pays for "face shape / bone structure diagnosis" and run the same playbook.

Who it suits: a small team of one or two people with some background in hair or image work, who can produce Instagram content and accept a small business earning a few thousand to ten or twenty thousand dollars a month at first. Who it doesn't suit: anyone who wants to buy installs to grow. In this category the money is in the unit price, not the volume. It also doesn't suit anyone who wants to take on SNOW × 차홍 head-on in Korea.

How to do it: Japan is the smoothest route. Japan has an established habit of paying for "骨格診断", "顔タイプ診断", and "ヘアカウンセリング". Offline sessions run roughly a few thousand to over ten thousand yen per session (estimate), so you could sell a report at ¥1,500–3,000 each. The product has three parts: tighter photo quality checks (angle, lighting, occlusion, automatic side capture), a clear report structure (face shape name, three best-fit styles, styles to avoid, how to style each area), and a free retake when generation goes wrong. Make the result something users can show directly to their stylist. That's how people will actually use it. Taiwan and the US "face shape haircut" audience are also worth testing, but in the US it's already a paid-acquisition battlefield full of English hairstyle apps.

How to get users: copy the most effective step. Before launch, post "list price ¥3,000 → booking price ¥980" on Instagram (in Japan, add TikTok and X), use comment-to-get-the-link to build a list, then send coupons on launch day to concentrate the first paying users within one week, aiming for the local lifestyle or beauty top-grossing charts. Partner with a few small hair salons too, and give their customers free coupons so the salon can discuss the style with the report in hand.

When to move: the sooner the better. The cost of image generation keeps falling, and ChatGPT and Gemini can already produce seven or eight out of ten of these images themselves. In another six months to a year, "take a photo and I'll tell you what hairstyle suits you" could be a free button inside a large model or a beauty camera app. The window is roughly before the first half of 2027.

What would show you're wrong: WantHair itself is the best indicator. If by late November, after booking users finish their reports, it drops out of the Korea iOS Lifestyle Top Grossing chart to #100 or lower, that means the booking list was the whole story and organic payments can't sustain it. If you post a booking campaign in Japan and can't collect a few hundred bookings in two weeks, that means the "report" mindset doesn't hold there. Don't force it.

Android store page ↗

Research notes: competitor table, acquisition evidence, full research report
Competitors
NameWhereLaunchedScaleHow it differs from this one
SNOW × 차홍 AI 헤어컨설팅Big-company featuresAbout 2025SNOW with tens of millions of users, about ₩14,900 per useBig-company backing plus a celebrity hairstylist, doing the same AI hairstyle consultation. 원헤어 has no brand, but adds a 'not recommended' combo and part-by-part combinations
마메드네(글리티)Android2017-12Play 3.38M installs, #19 in Korea Beauty FreeAI simulation plus a salon booking platform; 원헤어 only sells consultation reports
헤어 살롱 - 헤어 스타일 시뮬레이션AndroidNot verified2.55M installs, #17 in Korea Beauty FreeOld-school hairstyle sticker tool, no generative or consultation features
헤어스타일 어플 가상체험 AI(Toon Tech)Android2025-04360k installs, #12 in Korea Beauty FreeHairstyle/hair-color subscription tool, no face-shape report
레어리 / 셜록뷰티 and other AI 헤어컨설팅 servicesWeb2023–2024Unverified, about ₩99,000 per sessionTen times more expensive, leans toward general image consulting
FaceLab / Sorapix / AI Hairstyle Try On & Color / Beautix / HairGenie / TressyAndroid2020–2026500k–88M installs eachGlobal English-language hairstyle fun, subscription plus paid acquisition; 원헤어 is Korean-only, one-time payment, sells a consultation conclusion
Gemini / ChatGPT generate images directlyBig-company features2025—Free, but you write your own prompts; 원헤어 guides the photo shoot and provides a catalog and report structure
YouCam Online / Canva / Krea / hairmodelmake.comWeb——Free general hairstyle try-on, no face-shape consultation report
Where users come from
  • Confirmed Instagram booking campaign (list price 29,000 → preorder 9,900, link sent via comments): @wanthair_official Reels DdJmD5avp5T, DdLELz8vPpY (about 5 weeks ago), DfB1XK9PNmg (10-27,8 likes)
  • Confirmed Waitlist coupon conversion: App Store description '사전예약하신 분은 MY에서 쿠폰을 등록' and version notes '무료 리포트 쿠폰'
  • Inferred Hairstylist/salon account reposts: choijin__heeju 10-29 posted '퍼스널 헤어 진단 이벤트'; the search snippet shows 원헤어 booking copy, body text truncated
  • Inferred Store search + small-category chart exposure: titles stuffed with long-tail Korean keywords; about 100 installs a day is enough to reach the top 5 in Korea's Beauty Free chart
  • Inferred Meta ads: no such advertiser in the metaads library (the library doesn't track it, which doesn't mean it isn't running ads)

Why 원헤어 WantHair (com.ttmm3.wanthair) managed to chart

Research date 2026-11-06. Data sources: our googleplay / appstore / metaads libraries (agent-im server), Jina search and page reads, TikHub, x-radar.

Bottom line

by a Korean indie dev (App Store developer name JEONG JOON, copyright TTMM3) — an AI hairstyle try-on app with a 「헤어 컨설팅 (hair consulting) report」. It hasn't really "taken off": global cumulative installs on Play are only 924. The "Korea Beauty Top Grossing #1" in the recall card is a chart with only 1 apps, not a signal. The real signal is smaller and more interesting: it turned offline 「얼굴형 진단 / 퍼스널 헤어 컨설팅」 that normally costs 7–130k won into a one-time paid report at ₩9,900–29,000, booked ₩9,900 of appointments on Instagram first, and then held steady at #50–80 on the iOS Korea Lifestyle Top Grossing chart.

1. What the data actually shows

Google Play (googleplay library)

DateCumulative global installsNew todayKorea Beauty Top Free chart
10-31556–25
11-01580+2417
11-02736+15612
11-03736012
11-04824+889
11-05924+1007
11-0692404
  • Only charted in one store (Korea). Play launched on 2026-10-11; version 1.9.0 → 1.9.6; it shipped 4 versions in ten days (app_snap). No ads (ad_supported=False); in-app purchases $2.99–$28.99.
  • "Korea Beauty Top Grossing #1" doesn't hold up: 2026-11-06 The whole Korea BEAUTY grossing chart has only 1 rows, and that's the one it's on. Before this, the chart didn't exist on any day (chart_rank counts per day). For comparison, the US chart that same day had 10 rows, while de/es/it/gb each had only 1. Google often returns very short lists for small countries and small categories, so ranking #1 only means it had some paid purchases that day.
  • The bar on Korea's Beauty Free chart is also low: it ranks by 924 cumulative installs and 7-day +368, placing #4, with established million-install apps like 강남언니 (3.45M) and 화해 (8.63M) around it (v_chart 2026-11-06). That chart measures recent momentum, and 100 installs a day is enough to reach the top 5.

App Store (appstore library + store page)

  • iOS version id6793950910; the library records release_date 2026-07-28 (two and a half months before Play, so iOS is the main platform). Category Lifestyle, Korea storefront.
  • Korea Lifestyle grossing chart: 10-28 #139 → 10-31 #58 → 11-05 #50 → 11-06 #66 (app_day). Never made the overall Top Free chart.
  • Ratings went from 4 to 11 (10-28 → 11-06), all 5.0 stars (store page). Judging by the rating growth rate, iOS downloads are in the hundreds.
  • Conclusion: real paid revenue, but very small volume. The 50–80 spots on Korea's Lifestyle grossing chart roughly correspond to tens of thousands of won per day (unverified, rough estimate). For a solo project that's money that can keep it alive, but it's not a hit.

2. What it is and how it makes money

From the website wanthair.app and the App Store description:

  • Two features: ① 'Hair simulation': pick a style from the catalog or your camera roll, take a front-facing photo, and get an image in about 20 seconds, with a slider to compare before and after. ② 'Hair consultation report': take a front and a side photo; it measures face shape and gives the '3 best-matching combinations', part-by-part combinations (length/bangs/parting/volume/texture), and 'combinations not recommended', all composited onto your own face.
  • No sign-up required. New users get 'scissors' credits for free, and further credits are bought per use; the report is paid separately.
  • Generation runs on the OpenAI API (the store description explicitly says 'the selected photo is sent to the OpenAI API'), so there is no technical moat.
  • The photo guidance is very detailed: it checks face position, angle, and brightness in real time, detects whether eyebrows and ears are obscured, and auto-captures side profiles. This helps gpt-image-style models generate stable results.
  • The version notes include "사진 기준 미달 시 검수 후 재촬영 안내, 추가 결제 없음", which means the report includes a manual review step.

III. Growth levers (where users come from)

  1. Instagram booking campaign (confirmed): the official account @wanthair_official posted Reels about 5 weeks ago (late September to early October): 'Personal hair report launch price 29,000 won → preorder 9,900 won', 'Leave a comment and I'll send you the link' (a comment-to-DM funnel). 10-27 later it posted 'Want a hair consultation but…'. Engagement is very low (10-27 got 8 likes, 0 comments). Sources: instagram.com/reel/DdJmD5avp5T, DdLELz8vPpY, DfB1XK9PNmg.
  2. Preorder-to-user conversion (confirmed): the app description says '사전예약하신 분은 MY에서 쿠폰을 등록하면 예약 가격으로 열립니다' (those who preordered can register a coupon under MY to unlock the preorder price), and the version notes say 'Register the free report coupon to go straight to photo capture'. The waitlist plus coupon plus free-report voucher was the source of paid users in its first week after launch.
  3. Hairstylist/salon account repost (weak evidence): the Gangnam hairstylist account choijin__heeju 10-29 posted '퍼스널 헤어 진단 이벤트' (personal hair diagnosis event). A Jina search snippet shows its copy matches 원헤어's booking copy (post body truncated, unverified).
  4. Paid ads (none found): the metaads library has no advertiser for 원헤어/wanthair (the library only tracks products on its list, so not finding it doesn't mean it wasn't advertising). The 'comment for the link' approach looks more like organic Reels than ads.
  5. TikTok / X / media (none): TikHub searches for '원헤어' and 'wanthair' return only unrelated content (메이원헤어 is a salon with the same name); x-radar has 30 posts in 0 days; there is no media coverage.
  6. Store search (speculative): the Play title is packed with Korean long-tail keywords like '헤어 컨설팅, 원하는 헤어스타일 시뮬레이션', and iOS is the same. Ranking #4 on Korea's Beauty Free chart also brings a bit of exposure on its own.

4. Competitors

ProductPlatformLaunchedScaleHow it differs from 원헤어
SNOW × 차홍 AI 헤어컨설팅iOS/Android (in-app feature of SNOW)Around 2025SNOW has tens of millions of users; a single 1,490 jelly ≈ ₩14,900 (naver blog)Big-company backing plus a celebrity hairstylist, with nearly the same approach (AI hairstyle consultation report) and similar pricing; 원헤어 has no brand and relies on more detailed face-shape analysis and 'not recommended' combinations
마메드네(글리티,com.kakao.beauty.hairshop)Android/iOS2017-12Play 3.38M installs, #19 in Korea Beauty FreeAI hair simulation plus salon booking, a transaction platform; 원헤어 only does consultation reports and takes no bookings
헤어 살롱 - 헤어 스타일 시뮬레이션AndroidNot verified2.55M installs, #17 in Korea Beauty FreeOld-style sticker try-on; 원헤어 is generative compositing plus consultation
헤어스타일 어플 가상체험 AI(Toon Tech,com.ttech.aihairtryon)Android2025-04360k installs, #12 in Korea Beauty FreeHairstyle/hair-color/personal color subscription tool; no 'face-shape report'
레어리 / 셜록뷰티 and other online AI 헤어컨설팅 servicesWeb/app2023–2024Unverified; AI 헤어컨설팅 about ₩99,000 (naver blog)Expensive, leans toward general image consulting; 원헤어 is an order of magnitude cheaper with instant images
Offline personal hair consultation (Opit ₩100k–135k, 준오헤어 free consultations, etc.)Offline––원헤어 moves this service to the phone and cuts the price
Global AI hairstyle apps: FaceLab (88.3M), Sorapix (3.14M, 2026-04), AI Hairstyle Try On & Color (2.68M, 2026-05), Beautix (2.53M, 2026-06), HairGenie (1.8M), Tressy (500k, 7-day +390k), Hairisi (670k)Android/iOS2020–2026Millions of installs, many launched only this yearAll English-language/global, subscription-based, driven by paid acquisition and 'hairstyle fun'; 원헤어 is Korean, one-time payment, and sells a 'consultation conclusion', not filters
Gemini / ChatGPT generate images directlyBig-company features2025––Free to do (@crehiji's Reels teach: use Gemini to find your hairstyle for 0 yuan); 원헤어's value is in the shooting guidance, the catalog, and the report structure
Web tools: YouCam Online, Canva, Krea, Adobe Firefly, hairmodelmake.com (K-Beauty AI hair)Web––Free/general; no face-shape report

Takeaway: lots of others do the same thing. AI hairstyle apps were one of the most crowded categories on Play in 2026 (the library shows 5+ new million-download-class titles in 2026 alone).

5. Why it has any traction at all

  1. It sells a cheap version of an offline service Koreans already pay for: Korea has an established habit of paying for face-shape diagnosis and personal hair consulting, ₩70k–135k offline and ₩99k for the AI version online (per Naver blogs and Opit posts). 원헤어 prices it at ₩9,900 (booking) / ₩29,000 (list), so in users' minds it's a cheap consultation, not a paid filter. That's why it reached the iOS Lifestyle Top Grossing chart at ranks 50–80 despite very few installs.
  2. Pre-booking before launch: Instagram bookings plus discount codes locked in the first batch of people willing to pay. Paid revenue in the first week pushed it up the Top Grossing chart (iOS 10-28→10-31, climbing from #139 to #58).
  3. Small category charts are easy to crack: on Play Korea's Beauty Top Free chart it only takes 100 installs a day to reach the top 5, and the whole Top Grossing chart has just 1 rows. That makes it look strong in our data when the charts are actually sparse.
  4. Polished product: shot-quality checks, manual review with reshoots, data kept for 7 days, no sign-up. These cut the risk of bad generations → refunds and bad reviews. All 11 ratings are 5 stars.

VI. Differentiation

  • Versus global AI hairstyle apps: Korean localization + a one-time paid consultation report + 'what not to get', rather than a subscription hairstyle filter. That's why it earns money (its anchor is offline consultation prices), but it's not why it can scale.
  • Versus local Korean competitors: SNOW × 차홍 already sells the same thing with celebrity endorsement, at a lower price, and 마메드네 has a closed booking business. 원헤어's only differences are the report structure and the shooting experience, so the moat is shallow. The underlying tech is OpenAI's image API, which anyone can plug into.

7. Visibility

Almost nobody knows about it yet: no press coverage, no X discussion, no TikTok content. The official Instagram posts get single-digit likes. Revenue is not public. I haven't found anyone copying it (if anything, it's walking the same path as SNOW × 차홍).

VIII. Takeaways

  • Packaging a 'paid filter' as a 'cheap professional service' (a consultation report), charging per use, and anchoring to offline prices gets money more easily in a local market than a subscription tool does.
  • On Instagram, build a list first with 'list price → booking price' plus 'comment to get the link', then launch with discount codes and use first-week payments to push into a small-category Top Grossing chart.
  • Generative apps should spend their effort on input quality control (real-time shooting guidance, manual review) rather than swapping models. That's what protects ratings.
  • The same play can be copied to Japan (hair consultation, bone-structure diagnosis culture), Taiwan, and other markets with a habit of 'personal color / face-shape diagnosis'.

9. Uncertain

  • Actual revenue: the amounts behind iOS Korea Lifestyle Top Grossing ranks 50–80 are unverified. Play Top Grossing rank #1 can't be used as revenue evidence.
  • Booking numbers, and whether it ran Meta ads (the metaads library doesn't track it).
  • Whether hairdresser posts like choijin__heeju's are paid partnerships or organic reshares is unverified.
  • Whether it can keep paying users after the booking wave depends on whether it drops out of the top 100 on the iOS Top Grossing chart in late November.

This article was written by AI from public data and the data we collect daily. Numbers are sourced, and inferences are labeled.