Stringers
Chrome extension · written 11-6
Suno Song Downloader: MP3 Exporter ·

Suno limited downloads, and three days later someone was selling a "bypass" for $2: two months, 352 users, squeezed among twenty-plus similar tools

What it is A Chrome extension that captures the audio while you play a song on Suno and converts it to MP3. It doesn't use up the official download quota: 3 free uses, then $2 for unlimited.

Why it took off Because of Suno's licensing deal with Warner, downloads were capped from Sep 3. It was listed 3 days later, filled its name with search terms, then leaned on five-star reviews seeded in the first two days and ratings solicited by pop-ups inside the extension to look credible among a field of low-rated rivals. It only reached 352 users.

DHow you could follow Stop building Suno downloaders. Watch for the next platform that suddenly caps downloads or exports. List within a week, launch with batch and full-library export, offer a daily free allowance and a one-time lifetime purchase, and lock in search terms and ratings before the copycats arrive.

Grade D: There are already twenty-plus Suno downloaders, most free and more complete. This one got only 352 users in two months, an estimated few dozen dollars a month. It also violates Suno's terms, and any change to the audio stream breaks it. The only lesson is the move of shipping a bypass fast when a platform tightens. Few people know about it yet

333 users · rating 4.428571428571429 (14)

Suno Song Downloader: MP3 Exporter is a Chrome extension that captures the audio stream while a song plays on Suno and converts it locally to MP3, so it doesn't use up the official download quota. The first 3 uses are free, then $2 unlocks unlimited. Suno began limiting downloads in Sep 3; the extension was listed in Sep 6, and in its first two days it collected a batch of five-star reviews. Two months in, it has 352 users. It shows that the "bypass the moment a platform tightens" business moves fast, but the volume is small and the space is crowded.

"Instead of paying $20, I got unlimited downloads for just $2"

In Sep 8 of 2026, a user named Steve left a review: "I kept having trouble downloading on Suno and it kept asking me to pay. Then I found this extension, and honestly it saved me money. Instead of paying $20, I got unlimited downloads for just $2."

The same day brought three more from Ablu, john work, and Sam. The next day, Zahid Ali and Muhammad Jalal added two more. All five-star, all saying much the same: the limit had broken their workflow, other extensions didn't work, and $2 was worth it. Sam's review said "I spent days looking for an extension everywhere." But Suno's limit only took effect in Sep 3, and this extension was listed in Sep 6. According to the third-party tracker extops.dev, it had 8 users in Sep 7 and 9 in Sep 9.

In Sep 14 a one-star review arrived. User Gideon Mirage wrote: "This is a paid plugin that helps you get around another website's limits. It's basically pirated access for money. On top of that it pops up asking me to go leave a five-star review on the Chrome Store. I went and gave it one star." The developer, Huzaifa Rao, replied the next day, admitting the review pop-up, saying it can be dismissed with a click, and calling the $2 "purely an anti-abuse fee."

What it sells

Suno is the most popular AI music-generation site. In November of 2025 it settled with Warner Music and signed a licensing agreement that requires monthly download caps for paid users. From Sep 2026 3, free accounts can download only 7 songs total, Pro (about $10 a month) gets 20 per month, and Premier (about $30) gets 60 per month. Old songs count against the quota (per Suno's official blog and help center). Extra downloads can be purchased, but the price has never been published. r/SunoAI erupted, and one person said at the time: "In the end everyone will just use a plugin to get around it, or record while it plays."

This extension does exactly that: "record while it plays." You open a song, hit play, click Save, and it captures the decoded audio, converts it to MP3 at 192 kbps, names it after the song, and keeps a download history. It doesn't call Suno's download endpoint, so it uses no quota, which is the justification for charging. The store description reads "Unlimited Pro Access: Bypass daily limits with an affordable Pro subscription." Whether the $2 is billed monthly or as a one-time purchase is unclear; reviews mention both. Not verified.

The developer is listed as HR Digital Labs, uses a Gmail address, and this is their only extension. The store page is English only. Judging from the developer name and the reviewers' names, it's most likely a solo developer or small team in Pakistan (inference).

Where the 352 users came from

DateusersRating
09-071 (launch)
09-099Just finished seeding 6 five-star reviews
09-2091
10-04181 (3.1.3 version)
10-2529314 reviews, 4.43 stars
11-0635214 reviews

Source: extops.dev's daily records. It grew steadily by five or six a day, with no sudden spikes.

It has no website, and nobody on X, Reddit, YouTube, or TikTok is promoting it. Almost all its users come from store search, driven by three things:

Its name is stuffed with search terms. "Suno Song Downloader: MP3 Exporter" covers suno, song, downloader, mp3, and exporter. In Nov 6, searching "suno mp3" in the store ranked it around #5; searching "suno downloader" didn't get it into the top 10.

It looks credible among low ratings. Many of its rivals in search results sit at 1 to 3 stars: SongRab 1.0, Suno Unlimited Downloader 2.3, and another "Suno Downloader" at 2.5. It has 4.4. 14 ratings against 352 users is a rating rate of about 4%, while Chrome extensions typically sit below 1%. Most ratings were seeded in the first two days or solicited by the in-extension pop-up. One from Sep 18, "Really useful and affordable....", came from an account called "HR info", the same name as the developer.

The store's "related extensions" slot. It appears in the recommendation lists under many Suno extension pages. That's traffic from the store's algorithm.

Who it's competing with

Almost everyone is chasing the same thing. What they're chasing isn't this extension, but the fact that Suno limits downloads.

NameLaunchedUsers (11-06)How it differs
Suno Downloader(Tksoft)2024-0410,000,4.5 ratingsVeteran. Batch export, MP3/WAV. Built up users before the limits.
Suno Tracks Exporter2025-1110,000Batch export by workspace or playlist.
Suno Toolkit2026-082,000,4.9 ratingsA full suite plus whole-library bundles, with a website and docs that pull search traffic.
SUNO Downloader - Bulk2026-08707,30 days +502Batch-saves without needing to play anything.
Suno Unlimited Downloader2026-09-11673,30 days +520Named "Unlimited" outright, and its ratings still climbed to 2.3.
SunoSaver2026-09-27603,30 days +492Free daily allowance, lifetime one-time purchase, can export WAV and whole-playlist ZIPs.
It2026-09-06352,30 days +171Only single-song MP3.
Web downloaders (usesuno, sunodown, etc.).2025–2026UnknownPaste a link and download. No install, mostly free.

User counts come from extops.dev. After September, a string of new ones launched, including SunoGrab, Suno Cache Saver, and Suno Recorder, and new ones keep appearing as of Nov 3. SunoSaver, listed three weeks after this one, has grown nearly three times as fast over 30 days. It launched earliest and has the best-looking ratings, yet it only landed mid-pack. Features don't differ much either: stream capture, MP3 conversion, and naming by song title are standard for this category, and many rivals are free and offer batch and WAV export.

Where the money comes from

Revenue hasn't been published. Rough math: if 5% to 10% of 352 users paid $2, that's a few dozen dollars a month (estimate). Even a monthly subscription lands in the same range. It isn't the only one: across the category, only two veterans have over ten thousand users, and both were around before the limits.

This business has two hard problems. First, it violates Suno's terms of service (which prohibit scraping). If Suno changes the audio stream or encrypts it once, every capture extension breaks at the same time. Second, people in reviews keep calling it piracy, so the risk of a takedown report is constant. Suno Board, a similar tool, lost 8,000 users in one month, which shows how unstable this category's user base is.

If it were you

D: Worth knowing about, not recommended to follow. The "Suno downloader" slot already has twenty-plus tools, most free and more complete than this one. It alone got only 352 users in two months, a few dozen dollars a month. Entering now means being the 25st to list, and it violates platform terms. The only thing to take away is the playbook: when a platform tightens, ship a bypass tool within days.

Who it suits: solo developers who can build an extension quickly, can track each platform's policy announcements, and are ready for the product to become worthless after a few months, treating it as a one-off small arbitrage.

Who it doesn't suit: people who want a long-term product; people who are uneasy about platform terms, about being called piracy, or about takedown risk; people who want one extension to pay their bills.

How to do it: stop building for Suno. Watch for the next platform that "suddenly caps downloads, limits exports, or shuts off its API." Start writing the day the announcement drops and list within a week. Don't limit it to single songs. Launch with batch and full-library export, and like SunoSaver, offer a daily free allowance and a lifetime one-time purchase. SunoSaver beat this one even though it launched three weeks later, and these moves are why.

How to get users: write the platform name plus downloader / mp3 / unlimited into the title. Build your ratings before rivals' bad reviews drag the average down. Show up under Reddit and Discord threads where platform users complain about the limits. A caveat: seeding reviews from your own accounts or pop-ups begging for five stars works in the short term, but it draws one-star reviews, and store policy can use it as grounds for takedown.

When to be early: in the first two weeks after the announcement. For this wave of Suno, you had to list before mid-September to catch it. After that, new copycats appeared every week.

What would show this read is wrong: (1) if by year-end it or SunoSaver reaches 5,000 users, demand for getting around the quota is bigger than assumed, and a better batch downloader still has room; (2) if Suno publishes cheap extra-download packs, or shuts down stream capture, these extensions all go to zero, which would mean the arbitrage window is shorter than two months.

Data and sources

  • Chrome Web Store listing and review pages (read via 11-06, version updated 3.1.3,10-04). Review quotes and developer replies are from the review pages.
  • User and rating curves: extops.dev's page for this extension and rival pages (11-06); 7-day growth reference extscope.org.
  • Suno limits: suno.com/blog/suno-updates-tos, help.suno.com. Background coverage: Music Business Worldwide, Musically (2026-08-12). Extra-download pricing unpublished, see mubert.com (2026-10-20).
  • User reactions: multiple threads at reddit.com/r/SunoAI.
  • Social channels: X search for "suno downloader" over the last 60 days returned 0 posts; no one on Reddit, YouTube, or TikTok is recommending it.

Chrome store page ↗

Research notes: competitor table, acquisition evidence, full research report
Competitors
NameWhereLaunchedScaleHow it differs from this one
Suno Downloader(Tksoft)Chrome2024-0410,000 users, 4.5 reviews / 101 ratingVeteran tool: batch downloads, MP3/WAV, video export. It had a user base before the limits.
Suno Tracks Exporter(vogelcodes)Chrome2025-1110,000 users, 3.9 / 108Batch-exports M4A files and metadata by workspace and playlist.
Suno ManagerChrome2025-119,000 usersLibrary manager that shows remaining download quota.
Suno Toolkit(chunks.md)Chrome2026-08-182,000 users, 4.9 / 74All-in-one: generation, uploads, downloads, full-library packaging. Has a website and docs for SEO.
SUNO Downloader - Bulk(sunodownloader.app)Chrome2026-08-18707 users, +502 / 30 daysBatch-saves MP3 files without playing anything.
Suno Unlimited DownloaderChrome2026-09-11673 users, +520 / 30 days, rated 2.3Named "Unlimited" outright. Supports MP3 and WAV. Low rating.
SunoSaverChrome2026-09-27603 users, +492 / 30 daysFree daily quota, Lifetime PRO one-time purchase, exports WAV and whole-playlist ZIPs. It launched 3 weeks after the leader and is growing faster.
suno free download(iDooy)Chrome2026-08-18841 usersFree. Pitched on "Break Through Download Limits."
Web downloaders (usesuno.com, sunodown.com, downloadsuno.com, redvid.io, etc.)Web2025–2026Not verifiedPaste a link to a public song. No install, mostly free.
Suno official downloadsBig-company featuresQuota starts at 2026-09-03All Suno usersFree accounts get 7 downloads for life. Pro gets 20 per month, Premier 60 per month, Studio unlimited. Extra downloads can be bought, but the price hasn't been published.
Where users come from
  • Verified Demand from a platform event (Suno limits downloads, 2026-09-03): suno.com/blog/suno-updates-tos. It launched 09-06. Reviews repeatedly mention the download limit.
  • Verified Store search plus keyword-stuffed name: the name crams in Suno, Song, Downloader, MP3, and Exporter. Searching "suno mp3" in the store puts it around #5 (2026-11-06).
  • Verified fake reviews / self-published praise: when users numbered only 7–9, 09-08 to 09-09 already had 6 long-form 5-star reviews with a consistent style. 09-19 had one from an account tied to the brand, "HR info".
  • Verified extension pops up asking for 5-star reviews: 09-15's 1-star negative reviews were met with a popup asking for a 5-star rating; developer Huzaifa Rao admitted in a reply that the popup exists
  • Verified Store "related extensions" cross-links: it appears in the similar-extensions lists on several other Suno extension pages on chrome-stats.
  • Inferred X / Reddit / TikTok / YouTube content: no posts recommending it were found on any of these platforms.

Suno Song Downloader: MP3 Exporter (Chrome extension): how did it get traction?

Bottom line

It didn't really break out. It's a small arbitrage. Suno began limiting downloads in 2026-09-03: free accounts get 7 downloads for life, Pro gets 20 per month, Premier gets 60 per month. The extension launched three days later. It captures the audio stream during playback and converts it locally to 192kbps MP3. Free for 3 downloads, then $2 for unlimited Pro access. In the first two days, insiders wrote a batch of 5-star reviews, and the extension pops up requests for reviews. Next to a pile of 1–3-star lookalikes, that made it look credible in store search. It reached 352 users in two months (extops.dev, 11-06), which puts it mid-pack among the Suno downloaders that launched in the same wave.

1. Data: how big it actually is

User curve (from the public extops.dev page, with read dates and user counts):

DateusersScore
2026-09-071 (launch, v3.0.0)–
09-087–
09-099–
09-1531–
09-2091–
10-04181 (v3.1.3 release)–
10-0820010 (4.6 points)
10-2529314 (4.43 points)
11-0133314
11-0635214
  • Users over the last 30 days: +171 (extops.dev). ExtScope's 7-day growth figure is +41 (+13.8%, as of 11-02). Growth held steady at 5–6 per day, with no spike.
  • Our chromestore database has only a card for this extension (11-01:333 users, 14 rating, 4.43 reviews): no detail page and no extops curve table. All the numbers above come from the public extops.dev page.
  • Unusually high rating rate: 14 of 352 users left a rating, about 4%. Chrome extensions usually stay under 1%. The review timestamps on the store page explain why (see section 3).

Pricing: the store description reads "Unlimited Pro Access: Bypass daily limits with an affordable Pro subscription." The developer's reply to a negative review gives the price: "We offer 3 free downloads, and the minimal $2 fee..." User reviews say both "2 bucks a month" and "unlimited downloads for just $2," so whether it's monthly or a one-time payment is unverified. Revenue isn't public. Rough math: 350 users at a 5–10% paid rate comes to roughly $35–70 a month (estimate, unverified).

2. Why it took off

Demand comes from a platform event (confirmed)

  • Suno's official blog post, "An update to our downloads policy and Terms of Service" (suno.com/blog/suno-updates-tos), announced that from Sep 3, free accounts get 7 downloads for life, Pro gets 20 per month, and Premier gets 60 per month. Only Premier users can download unlimited from Suno Studio. Older songs count toward the quota too (help.suno.com/en/articles/13614785).
  • Background: 2025-11 Suno settled with Warner Music and signed a licensing deal, and the deal sets monthly download caps for paid users (r/SunoAI, "The real story behind Suno's new download limits"; Music Business Worldwide, "Suno limits Pro subscribers to 20 song downloads per month"; Musically 2026-08-12 also covered it).
  • r/SunoAI erupted. One commenter wrote, "All people will end up doing is bypassing it with a plugin or just recording it while it plays" (thread: "Suno's new download limitations"). The limits effectively created demand for these tools.
  • It launched 9-06, 3 days after the limits took effect, and the store lists its first version as 3.0.0. My guess is it was iterated internally before launch, or swapped in from another listing (unverified).

Where users come from: almost entirely store search

  • Searching "suno mp3" puts it around #5. Searching "suno downloader" doesn't show it in the top 10 (store search page read via r.jina.ai, 2026-11-06). The name "Suno Song Downloader: MP3 Exporter" packs in suno, song, downloader, mp3, and exporter.
  • X (x-radar found zero posts for "suno downloader" in the last 60 days), Reddit, YouTube, and TikTok turned up no posts or videos about it. It has no website and no media coverage.
  • Store "related extensions" cross-links: it appears in the "similar extensions" lists on many competing pages on chrome-stats (Suno Recorder, Suno Tracks Exporter, Suno Workspace Manager pages, etc.). The store's algorithm is funneling traffic to it. It isn't driving that traffic itself.

Why anyone would pay $2

  • Extra Suno downloads require paying separately, but Suno has never published a price (checked by mubert.com 2026-10-20). For users who don't want to upgrade to the $30 Premier plan and who have already used up their 20 downloads, $2 is almost no psychological barrier. A user review says it plainly: "Instead of paying $20, I got unlimited downloads for just $2."
  • It captures the audio by letting the song play and then hitting Save, grabbing the decoded stream directly. This skips Suno's download API, so it doesn't use up download quota, and that's the basis for charging.

3. Growth tactics: fake reviews and review prompts (confirmed)

Store review page (read 2026-11-06):

  • Between 9-08 and 9-09, 6 long 5-star reviews appeared, by Steve, Ablu, john work, Sam, Zahid Ali, and Muhammad Jalal. Over the same period, extops recorded only 7–9 users. The reviews are strikingly consistent: "crashed by the limits, tried everything else, $2 is worth it." They look like pre-written promotional copy.
  • 9-19 One review, "Really useful and affordable," is from "HR info." It shares its name and source with the developer brand HR Digital Labs and the email hrfacts969, so it's almost certainly the developer's own account.
  • 9-15 One 1-star review reads: "The extension decided to spam me, prompting me to 'go to the Chrome Store and leave a 5-star review'," and calls it a paid piracy service that gets around other tools' limits. Developer Huzaifa Rao replied, admitting the review pop-up exists, saying it can be dismissed with one click, and calling the $2 an "anti-abuse fee."
  • Conclusion: in the first two days, a batch of 5-star reviews was seeded, and the in-extension pop-up keeps asking for more. The result is a 4.4 rating from 14 reviews, while comparable tools in search results sit around 1.0–2.9 (SongRab 1.0, Suno Unlimited Downloader 2.3, "Suno Downloader" 2.5, Suno AI Music Downloader 2.9). On a store search results page, the rating is a main factor in which listing users click.

4. Competitors: this category is crowded

Figures from extops.dev (2026-11-06) and our chromestore database (from 11-01).

ProductChannelLaunchedScaleHow it differs
Suno Downloader(Tksoft)Chrome2024-0410,000 users, 4.5 reviews / 101 ratingVeteran tool: batch downloads, MP3/WAV, video export. It existed before the limits.
Suno Tracks Exporter(vogelcodes)Chrome2025-1110,000 users, 3.9 / 108Browse by workspace and playlist, then batch-export M4A and metadata.
Suno ManagerChrome2025-119,000 users, 3.3 / 38Library manager that shows remaining download quota.
Suno Downloader - Suno AI Download(videoscastmobile)Chrome2025-103,000 users, +1,000 / 30 daysGeneral audio downloader
Suno Toolkit(chunks.md)Chrome2026-08-182,000 users, 4.9 / 74All-in-one: generation, uploads, downloads, full-library packaging. Has a website and docs for SEO.
Suno Board(sunoboard.app)Chrome2025-112,000 users (8,000 dropped off in 30 days)Downloads plus video creation
suno free download(iDooy)Chrome2026-08-18841 usersFree. Pitched on "Break Through Download Limits."
SUNO Downloader - Bulk(sunodownloader.app)Chrome2026-08-18707 users, +502 / 30 daysBatch-saves MP3 files without playing anything.
Suno Unlimited Downloader(kuoysambo)Chrome2026-09-11673 users, +520 / 30 days, rated 2.3Just type "Unlimited" in the name field, optional save folder
SunoSaverChrome2026-09-27603 users, +492 / 30 daysFree daily quota; Lifetime PRO is a one-time purchase; exports WAV and whole playlists as ZIP
SunoSync(2BRO.DEV)Chrome2026-08-20326 users, 5.0Bulk-download an entire library, with stems, cover art, and lyrics
Web downloaders (usesuno.com, sunodown.com, downloadsuno.com, sunodownloader.pro, redvid.io, etc.)Web2025–2026Not verifiedPaste a link to download public songs. No install, mostly free
Suno officialBig-company features2026-09-03–Has a quota; Premier gets unlimited Studio use; overages can be bought separately, price not published

Where it sits against rivals: user count and growth are both mid-pack. In the same window, SunoSaver (launched at night, 3 weeks), Suno Unlimited Downloader, and the Bulk version all grew faster.

5. Differentiation

  • Functionally there's little to set it apart. "Stream capture + convert to 192kbps MP3 + auto-name from title + download history" is standard for this kind of tool. Many rivals are free, or batch, export WAV, or download whole libraries, doing more than it does.
  • Only two things really differ: (1) it launched early, shipping on day 3 after the limit took effect; (2) it has a high rating, built through review farming and rating prompts pushed to 4.4, while same-name, same-category rivals in search results mostly sit below 3 stars. Those two things are why it picked up a few hundred users, but the scale is tiny and nowhere near enough to call it a breakout.

6. Correction to the recall note

The recall card said "developer HR Digital Labs also put out a whole row of sibling listings: SunoSaver, Suno Workspace Manager, Suno Cache Saver, Suno Sniffer, Suno Recorder, and more." That's wrong. I opened each store page and checked the developer:

The misreading came from chrome-stats listing this extension under "similar extensions" on those pages. Searching "HR Digital Labs" on Exa, restricted to the store, chrome-stats, extscope, and extops, turned up only this one extension. So there's no matrix evidence.

Developer identity: LinkedIn has an "HR Digital Lab", a marketing services firm in Lahore, founded in 2024, running Google, Meta, and TikTok ads. The developer is credited as Huzaifa Rao, and the authors of several reviews (Zahid Ali, Muhammad Jalal) point to Pakistan, but whether it's the same company is unverified.

7. Visibility and copycats

  • Visibility: few people know about it yet. Revenue isn't public, and nobody on X, Reddit, or in the press has mentioned the extension. But the need itself, "get around Suno's download limit," has been covered to death by MBW, Musically, and r/SunoAI, so the niche is public.
  • Copycats: it's not copying it specifically. The whole category is riding this platform event. New entries since September include Suno Unlimited Downloader (9-11), SunoGrab (9-22), SunoSaver (9-27), a Suno song downloader plugin (9-29), Suno Cache Saver (9-21), Suno Recorder (10-05), and Suno Song Downloader / downloadsuno.com (11-03). In the store, searching "suno mp3" ranks "Suno MP3 Exporter" first, its description reads "Save Suno songs as 192 kbps MP3", nearly the same selling point, apparently copied (no id found, unverified).

8. What others can learn

  • Watch platform policy changes: whenever a platform tightens (limiting downloads, limiting exports, cutting APIs), ship a "bypass" within 3 days, priced so low it's almost frictionless (2 USD) against the official upgrade price.
  • Stuff the name with keywords, seed good reviews on day one, and use in-extension prompts for ratings. Among a field of low-rated rivals, that makes you look credible. The cost is attracting "piracy" complaints, and a real risk of reporting and delisting.
  • The ceiling on this business is low: it violates Suno's terms of service (which prohibit scraping), breaks the moment Suno changes the audio stream or adds encryption, and rivals are plentiful and free. Suno Board lost 8,000 users in 30 days, showing how volatile this category is. Suits fast in-and-out plays, not a long-term product.

9. Still unclear

  • Whether Pro is $2 a month or a one-time purchase, how many people pay, and which payment processor it uses, are all unknown (no official site, manifest not captured).
  • Whether the v3.0.0 first-release version number means it migrated from another listing, or was delisted and relisted, is unknown.
  • Whether HR Digital Labs and the Lahore marketing firm HR Digital Lab are the same company is unverified.
  • The developer and listing date for "Suno MP3 Exporter" were not found.
  • Whether it runs ads: no evidence found, but our ad library only tracks products on the list, so not finding it doesn't mean it isn't advertising.

Sources

  • Chrome store detail and review pages (read via r.jina.ai, 2026-11-06)
  • extops.dev/extensions/bafdelfgabklpnnekppbfkefhpnpbomk, plus the extops pages for each rival in the table
  • extscope.org/extension/bafdelfgabklpnnekppbfkefhpnpbomk
  • suno.com/blog/suno-updates-tos;help.suno.com/en/articles/13614785
  • mubert.com/blog/suno-download-caps
  • musicbusinessworldwide.com/suno-limits-subscribers-downloads-per-month/;musically.com/2026/08/12/suno-preps-download-caps-to-make-it-harder-for-bad-actors/
  • Multiple r/SunoAI threads (1vkvrf3, 1vl1aa4, 1wd7cs3)
  • Our chromestore database (item, item_snap, 2026-11-01)
  • linkedin.com/company/hrgrowthlab

This article was written by AI from public data and the data we collect daily. Numbers are sourced, and inferences are labeled.